The Lord’s Prayer 7: “Give Us This Day Our Daily Bread”

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The deceptively simple petition from Matthew 6:11, "Give us this day our daily bread," has been a matter of controversy for centuries. The unusual Greek word epiousion, which is translated "daily," is the root of the controversy. Some scholars have suggested that the original phrase contained the similar-sounding Greek word epeimi, (the next), and so meant "bread for the next day." Nevertheless, the Latin translation of the New Testament understood the word as meaning bread needed for sustenance.

This article belongs to the “Studying the Lord’s Prayer with Brad Young” series. For an overview of the entire series, click here.

The deceptively simple petition from Matthew 6:11, “Give us this day our daily bread,” has been a matter of controversy for centuries. The unusual Greek word ἐπιούσιον (ep·i·OU·si·on), which is translated “daily,” is the root of the controversy. Some scholars have suggested that the original phrase contained the similar-sounding Greek word ἔπειμι (EP·ei·mi, “the next”), and so meant “bread for the next day.” Nevertheless, the Latin translation of the New Testament understood the word as meaning bread needed for sustenance.

Jerome (A.D. 342-420) remarked in his commentary on Matthew that he had found in the Gospel of the Nazarenes the Hebrew word מָחָר (mā·ḤĀR, “tomorrow”) with the word for bread. However, māḥār has no textual witness other than Jerome’s recollection, and furthermore it cannot account for the somewhat obscure Greek word epiousion. While it is true that the Greek epeimi is close to “tomorrow” in meaning, a translator most likely would have used the common Greek word for tomorrow, αὔριον (AV·ri·on), to translate the Hebrew māḥār.

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To read the next article in this series, click here.
The Lord’s Prayer in Greek at the Church of the Pater Noster. Photographed by Anton 17 courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.
This article originally appeared in issue 15 of the Jerusalem Perspective magazine. Click on the image above to view a PDF of the original magazine article.

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